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Moving between command and on-line states When the modem is turned on or after reset, the modem always goes to command state. It enters on-line state after successfully making a connection with a remote modem, either when answering or originating a call. While the modem is in on-line state, you can take control of it again (go back to command state). When you return to command state from on-line state, the modem goes to local command state, which allows you to maintain the connection and enter commands. To go to local command state, type the escape sequence +++. Do not type any other commands or make entries before or after the escape sequence for a period equal to the guard time set in register S12 (normally one second). The modem will display OK. To go back to on-line state, type ATO. To hang up, type ATH. AT command set AT refers to the command prefix (attention sequence) that precedes each command to the modem. With the exception of A/ all commands must be preceded by AT and end with a carriage return (<CR>). Special Commands A/ Repeat last command The A/ command instructs the modem to repeat the last command line. A command line termination character <CR> is not required for the execution of this command (that is, the command is executed as soon as the slash is typed). +++ Return to command state (escape sequence) The escape sequence is used to force the modem back to local command state from on-line state. Do not type any other commands or make entries before or after the escape sequence for a period equal to the guard time set in register S12 (default is one second). Standard AT commands AT The attention command prefix The prefix AT must precede every command. The remainder of the command line contains commands for the modem. The command line must end with a carriage return. If AT is sent alone (that is, it is followed by a <CR>) then no command is executed but an OK result code is returned. A Answer The A command forces the modem to go off-hook in answer mode. Bn Communication protocol category preference This command determines which communication standard is preferred for the next connection. 0 CCITT mode 1 Bell 103 and Bell 212A, instead of V.21 and V.22, in case of fallback (default) D Dial This command signals the modem that the numbers, letters, and commas that follow are all part of a telephone number that it should dial. T Touch-Tone dialing This causes all following numbers to be Touch-Tone dialed (default). P Pulse dialing Selects pulse dialing, with the dialing speed fixed at 10 pulses per second. Pause The comma (,) modifier introduces a delay time before dialing the next dial character or executing the next character in the dial string. The pause time is the value of the S8 register, (default=2 seconds). W Dial tone detect The W modifier makes the modem detect a dial tone before sending the next digit. Calling Card tone detect (:) Same as W. The colon can detect most calling card tones. Place the colon in the dial string when you want to detect a wider range of frequencies. @ Wait for quiet answer before dialing For the time specified in the S7 register (default=50 seconds), the modem attempts to detect 5 seconds of silence. Flash The exclamation point (!) causes the modem to go on-hook then back off-hook, as if the receiver on the telephone set had been pressed momentarily. R Reverse mode The R modifier changes the modem from originate mode to answer mode after the dialing process is complete. This command is used only at the end of the dial string. S=n Dial telephone number stored at location n Dials telephone number stored in location n, where n is 0, 1,or 2. You must have previously saved the value with the AT&Z command. En Echo off/on When the echo is turned on, the characters sent to the modem in command state are echoed back by the modem to the host computer. The E command is functional only when the modem is in command state. 0 Turns off the echo command. 1 Turns on the echo command. This allows you to see that characters you have sent to the modem have been received and sent back. (default) Hn Hook (hang up) When the modem is on-line, you must first enter the +++ escape sequence to take the modem back to command state before issuing the hang up command, ATH. 0 Forces the modem on-hook. Hangs up the modem’s connection to the telephone line. 1 Forces the modem off-hook. In Information 0 Asks the modem for its product ID code. 1 Returns a modem code. 2 Returns OK. 3 Returns the modem’s country code. 4 Returns a list of modem features. 9 Returns Apple product code and firmware version of the modem. Ln Speaker volume This command has no effect as the speaker is a component of the Macintosh and set in the Sound control panel. The command is included for compatibility. Mn Speaker on/off/auto 0 Disables speaker. 1 Turns on the speaker until carrier is established. (default) 2 Leaves the speaker on throughout the entire connection. 3 Turns the speaker on until a carrier is detected, except during dialing. Nn Communication protocol preference Sets the modem protocol. 0 Use S37 for speed selection. If S37=0, connect at highest possible speed. Otherwise, connect at speed specified in S37. (default) 1 Connect at highest possible speed. Ignore S37. Fallback if necessary. 2 Same as N1 for compatibility reasons. Note: For N1 or S37=0, the setting of ATB is ignored. The modem automatically determines Bell or CCITT mode. On Return to on-line state Returns modem to on-line state from command state. 0 Is used to return to the on-line state after having entered the command state using the escape sequence. 1 Same as above and will retrain the carrier (possibly at a lower speed) before reentering on-line state. P Enable pulse dialing Sets the default dialing mode to pulse mode. This command can also be used as a subcommand of the D command. Qn Quiet (refer to command Vn) 0 Allows result codes to be sent to your screen. (default) 1 Turns off the result code messages. 2 Returns result codes when originating a call, but not when answering. Sn Select an S register The S registers refer to memory locations used for configuration. The S commands are used to assign values to various registers in the modem’s memory. n? The Sn? command (n=register number) is used for checking the contents of a register. The result is always expressed as a three-digit number, where the leading digits or all digits may be 0. Sn=r is used to change an S register value (where n is the number of the register and r is the assigned value). S registers Default Range Units S0 Number of rings to auto answer 0 0:255 Number of rings S1 Ring counter 0 0:255 Number of rings S2 Escape Character 43 <+> 0:127 ASCII Decimal S3 Line-termination character 13 <CR> 0:127 ASCII Decimal S4 Line-feed character 10 <LF> 0:127 ASCII Decimal S5 Backspace character 8 <BS> 0:127 ASCII Decimal S6 Initial blind dialing wait 2 2:255 Seconds S7 Carrier wait 50 1:255 Seconds S8 Pause time 2 0:255 Seconds S9 Carrier detect response time 6 1:255 1/10 second S10 Disconnect timing 14 1:255 1/10 second S11 Duration and spacing for DTMFdialing 95 50:255 Milliseconds Register S11 is preset and should remain unchanged to assure correct dialing. S12 Escape code guard time 50 20:255 1/50 second S18 Self-test duration 0 0:255 Seconds S36 Negotiation failure treatment 5 0/3/4/5 Settings Specifies action that should be taken when an attempt to connect in error-control mode fails. 0 Attempts V.42 connection. Hangs up if remote modem doesn’t support V.42. 3 Makes asynchronous connection. No error control. Same as AT&Q0. 4 Attempts V.42 connection. If attempt fails, attempts MNP 2–4 connection. If attempt fails, then hangs up. 5 Attempts V.42 connection. If attempt fails, attempts MNP 2–4 connection. If attempt fails, then attempts asynchronous connection. (default) S37 Desired DCE connection speed 0 0/3:11 Settings This value is used in conjunction with the ATN and ATB values to determine which modulations are attempted when connecting. 0 Auto-mode Attempts to connect at the highest possible speed. (default) 3 Attempts to connect at 300 bps. 5 Attempts to connect at 1200 bps. 6 Attempts to connect at 2400 bps. 7 Attempts to connect at 4800 bps. 8 Attempts to connect at 7200 bps. 9 Attempts to connect at 9600 bps. 10 Attempts to connect at 12000 bps. 11 Attempts to connect at 14400 bps. S38 Delay before hang up. 0 0:254 Seconds S46 V.42 bis data compression selection 138 136/138 Settings 136 V.42 only 138 V.42 with V.42 bis compression. (default) S48 Feature negotiation action 7 0/3/7/128 Settings Selects which error control features are allowed when making connections. 0 Negotiation disabled: try only V.42. 3 Negotiation enabled without detection phase. 7 Negotiation enabled with detection phase. (default) 128 Negotiation disabled: try MNP only. V.42 disabled. S95 Error control negotiation message option 32 4/8/32 Bits A bit map to enable different result codes. Linked to ATW when ATW=1. Bit Value Meaning 0–1 1 not used 2 4 Enables CARRIER messages only. 3 8 Enables CARRIER+PROTOCOL messages only. 4 16 not used 5 32 Enables CARRIER+PROTOCOL+COMPRESSION messages. (default) T Enable tone (DTMF) dialing Sets the default dialing mode to Touch-Tone mode. Can be used in dial string (default). Vn Verbalize The V command allows you to choose the way you want to display result messages: as code numbers or as English words. Unless these messages are being read by a program that does not easily recognize strings of characters, the default setting (V1) is recommended 0 Displays result messages as code numbers (nonverbal). 1 Displays result messages as English words (verbal). (default) Verbalize result codes 0 OK Command is correct and has been completed 1 CONNECT Connection established 2 RING Incoming ring detected 3 NO CARRIER No connection or lost the carrier 4 ERROR Bad command 5 CONNECT 1200 Connection established at 1200 bps 6 NO DIALTONE Dial tone not detected in S7 seconds 7 BUSY Busy tone detected 8 NO ANSWER See ATD . . .@. . . 10 CONNECT 2400 Connection established at 2400 bps 11 CONNECT 4800 Connection established at 4800 bps 12 CONNECT 9600 Connection established at 9600 bps 13 CONNECT 14400 Connection established at 14400 bps 15 CONNECT 7200 Connection established at 7200 bps 16 CONNECT 12000 Connection established at 12000 bps 24 CONNECT 300/REL Connection with MNP 300 bps 25 CONNECT 1200/REL Connection with MNP 1200 bps 26 CONNECT 2400/REL Connection with MNP 2400 bps 27 CONNECT 4800/REL Connection with MNP 4800 bps 28 CONNECT 9600/REL Connection with MNP 9600 bps 29 CONNECT 7200/REL Connection with MNP 7200 bps 30 CONNECT 12000/REL Connection with MNP 12000 bps 31 CONNECT 14400/REL Connection with MNP 14400 bps Protocol negotiation progress codes that work with ATW1 and S95. 40 CARRIER 300 Carrier detected at 300 bps 46 CARRIER 1200 Carrier detected at 1200 bps 47 CARRIER 2400 Carrier detected at 2400 bps 48 CARRIER 4800 Carrier detected at 4800 bps 49 CARRIER 7200 Carrier detected at 7200 bps 50 CARRIER 9600 Carrier detected at 9600 bps 51 CARRIER 12000 Carrier detected at 12000 bps 52 CARRIER 14400 Carrier detected at 14400 bps 66 COMPRESSION: CLASS 5 MNP class 5 67 COMPRESSION: V.42BIS V.42 bis compression 69 COMPRESSION:NONE No compression 70 PROTOCOL:NONE Asynchronous mode 77 PROTOCOL:LAP-M Error control mode with LAP-M protocol 80 PROTOCOL:ALT Error control mode with MNP protocol 128 MODEM IN USE Modem already in use for this or another application Wn Progress result codes The ATW setting determines whether progress result codes are displayed in addition to the ATX codes. Register S95 determines which progress result codes will be displayed. 0 Progress codes 40 through 80 disabled. 1 Progress codes 40 through 80 enabled. (default) 2 Progress codes enabled; identical to W1. When writing a CCL script, pay attention to result codes for scripts that require a specific response. If progress codes are enabled, the following strings appear on the screen during a connection (in this example, V.22 bis connection with no error control): CARRIER 2400 PROTOCOL:NONE CONNECT 2400 Xn Active result code The result codes listed in Vn are divided into subsets that can be selected by the X command. Dial tone detection is enabled by X2 and X4. Busy tone detection is enabled by X3 and X4. The commands X0, X1, and X3 are appropriate for blind dialing. Blind dialing means the modem dials out even though a dial tone cannot be detected. 0 Selects result codes 0 through 4 and 8. 1 Selects result codes 0 through 5, 8, and 10 through 28. 2 Selects result codes 0 through 6, 8, and 10 through 28. 3 Selects result codes 0 through 5, 7, 8, and 10 through 28. 4 Selects all result codes. (default) Yn Remote break handling This command sets modem behavior for responding to a long break signal received from a remote modem: Greater than 1.6 seconds for an asynchronous connection An attention frame for MNP or V.42. 0 The modem ignores any long breaks received from the remote modem. (default) 1 On receiving a long break from the remote modem, the modem goes on-hook (hangs up), and returns to command state. 2 On receiving a long break from the remote modem, the modem returns to command state, but remains connected to the remote modem (does not hang up). Zn Reset The Z command tells the modem to perform a software reset. 0 Loads Profile 0 into the active profile. 1 Loads Profile 1 into the active profile. &Cn DCD options Since bus modems have no DTE-DCE serial interface, this command has no effect and remains for scripting compatibility. 0–2 Return OK. &Dn DTR options Bus modems do not have a DTRline. For bus modems, an on-to- off DTR transition occurs when you close the connection tool or the application currently using the modem. In this case, the modem goes on-hook. This command has no effect and remains for scripting compatibility. 0-3 Return OK. Default value is 3. &F Recall default profile The current active profile is replaced by the default factory configuration. &Gn Guard tones This command specifies whether guard tones should be transmitted. Guard tones are used in some telephone systems to allow proper data transfer over the network. Guard tones are not used in the United States. 0 Disables guard tone. (default) 1 Same as 2. 2 Sends 1800 Hz guard tone. &Kn Local flow control This command specifies which kind of local flow control is used. Since bus modems have built-in flow control mechanisms between the DTE and the DCE, this command has no effect. Flow control characters generated by the application software are always passed to the line. This command has no effect and remains for scripting compatibility. 0-5 Respond OK, no action taken &Ln Switched/Leased line This command affects the modem’s behavior during the call setup and the carrier handshake phases at the beginning of a connection. 0 Selects switched (dial-up) line. (default) 1 Selects conditioned leased line. &Pn Pulse mode make/break ratio 0 Sets the dial pulse make/break ratio at 39%/61%. (default) 1 Sets the dial pulse make/break ratio at 33%/67%. &Qn Connection mode This command allows you to enable and disable error control mode. The &Q command setting has precedence over \N command setting and registers S36 and S48. 0 Asynchronous mode (no error control, disables V.42 and MNP). 5 Error control mode Instructs the modem to make a connection using V.42/MNP, and fallback as necessary. (See S36 and S48 registers) (default) &Rn CTS/RTS Since bus modems have no DTE-DCE serial interface, this command has no effect and remains for scripting compatibility. 0–1 Return OK. &Sn DSR Since bus modems have no DTE-DCE serial interface, this command has no effect and remains for scripting compatibility. 0–2 Return OK. &Tn Self-tests The following diagnostic tests are provided. These tests are available only when no error protocol is engaged. The duration of each test is controlled by register S18. 0 Terminate the test Used to terminate (escape from) a test in progress and return to command state, if S18=0. 1 Local analog loopback Initiates a local analog loopback test. The escape sequence must be entered to terminate this test. This mode tests the local modem and the local data terminal equipment. 3 Local digital loopback Initiates a local digital loopback test. The modem echoes characters back to the remote modem exactly as received. 4 Enable the remote digital loopback Enables the modem to respond to a remote modem attempting to place it in digital loopback test. If a remote modem places the local modem in remote digital loopback mode, the local modem echoes characters back to the remote modem exactly as received from the remote modem. 5 Disable the remote digital loopback Disables the modem from responding to a remote modem attempting to place it in the digital loopback mode. 6 Remote digital loopback test In this mode, characters sent to the remote modem are echoed back to the local modem exactly as they were received by the remote modem. This mode tests both local and remote modems and the telephone circuits. 7 Remote digital loopback with self-test Initiates a Remote Digital Loopback (like &T6) with self-test data pattern generation and error checking. 8 Local analog loopback with self-test Initiates a Local Analog Loopback (like &T1) with self-test data pattern generation and error checking. The tests terminate when an AT&T0 command is issued or when register S18 expires. In the self-test mode, an error counter counts the number of errors and sends the final result to the host at the end of the test. The maximum number of errors that can be counted is 255. Note: &T1 takes an optional parameter (a single character, A or O) to indicate whether the analog loopback must be done in originate (default) or answer mode. &Un Trellis coding Enables/disables Trellis code modulation in V.32. 0 Enable Trellis coding. (default) 1 Disable Trellis coding. &Vn Display profiles Displays the following information: Active profile Stored profile 0 Stored profile 1 Stored telephone numbers (See AT&Z.) &Wn Profile saving This command saves the current active profile: 0 Saves the active profile into profile 0. 1 Saves the active profile into profile 1. &Xn Synchronous clock source Ignored. Always returns OK. The modem does not support synchronous modes. &Yn Specify start-up profile Allows choosing between two different configurations at start-up. 0 Specifies saved profile 0 as start-up configuration. 1 Specifies saved profile 1 as start-up configuration. &Zn=s Store phone number Stores the dial string s (64 characters maximum) in location n. The value of n can be equal to 0, 1, or 2. Note that the dial string s is constructed in the same fashion as the ATD command. It therefore must be the last command on the command line and have no other characters following the dial string. MNP-specific AT commands \Bn Send break Send a break on the line for n times 100 milliseconds (n ranges from 1 to 9). %Cn Compression enable Enables/disables MNPClass 5 data compression during MNP reliable connections. 0 Disables data compression. 1 Enables MNP 5 data compression. (default) \Gn DCE flow control Enables/disables modem-to-modem flow control. Coupled with \X, which determines if flow control characters are passed through or filtered. 0 Disables modem-to-modem flow control. (default) 1 Enables modem-to-modem flow control. \Nn MNP feature selection Determines whether MNPerror control is used in connections. The \N command setting also updates register S36. The &Q command setting has precedence over \N command setting and registers. 0-1 Normal mode MNPdisabled. 2 Reliable mode The modem will interrogate the remote modem for MNPcapabilities. If the remote modem does not support MNP, the local modem hangs up. 3 Auto-reliable mode The modem interrogates the remote modem for MNPcapabilities. If the remote modem supports MNP, a reliable connection is established. If the remote modem does not support MNP, a normal connection is established. (default) \O MNP link negotiation Treated as ATO0 command. Modem returns to on-line state. MNP Link is not negotiated. \Tn Inactivity timer Where n is a decimal integer between 0 and 90 specifying minutes. Sets the number of minutes the modem waits before automatically hanging up when data is not sent or received. The default option n=0 disables the timer. \U MNP link negotiation Treated as ATO0 command. Modem returns to on-line state. MNP link is not terminated. \Vn MNP result code 0 Disables modified MNP result codes. (default) 1 Enables modified standard MNP result codes 24 to 28. 2 Returns OK; no effect. \Xn Flow control processing 0 No pass-through flow control. If modem-to-modem flow control is enabled, AT\G1, XON/XOFF characters received from the line are filtered out of the data stream; they are not passed to the DTE. (default) 1 Pass-through flow control. If modem-to-modem flow control is enabled, AT\G1, XON/XOFF flow control characters received from the line are passed through to the DTE. \Y MNP link signaling Treated as ATO0 command. Modem returns to on-line state. MNP link is not negotiated. \Z MNP termination Treated as ATO0 command. Modem returns to on-line state. MNP link is not negotiated.